Vancouver Cruise Terminal Transportation

Vancouver Cruise Terminal Transportation

Festival shuttle

Star Coach doesn't cut corners when it comes to their vehicles. Learn more about Vancouver Cruise Terminal Transportation here Whether you're planning a corporate event, a family reunion, or a luxurious getaway with friends, we've got you covered. Motor coach rental Star Coach doesn't stop at their vehicles.

Hourly bus rental

  1. Tour bus rental
  2. Casino shuttle
  3. Bus transportation
  4. Vancouver area
  5. City tour bus
  6. Tour transportation
  7. Motor coach rental
  8. Long-distance bus
  9. Vancouver BC
  10. Bus driver service
  11. Executive bus charter
  12. Transport charter
  13. Downtown bus rental
  14. Group tour bus
  15. Licensed bus operators
Want your logo displayed on the screens? Once you've designed your ideal travel package, booking your luxury bus experience in Vancouver is the next step to making it a reality.
So, for your next big event, consider Star Coach's bus rental services. Imagine boarding a bus that runs on clean energy, emitting far less pollution than traditional vehicles.

Minibus rental

  1. Group tour bus
  2. Licensed bus operators
  3. Community bus service
  4. Private bus rental
  5. Coach hire
  6. Convention transport
  7. Custom bus rental
  8. Bus excursion
  9. Downtown Vancouver
  10. Transport services
  11. Charter shuttle service
  12. Bus leasing
  13. Sightseeing bus
  14. Passenger bus rental
  15. Bus line
  16. Sport team transportation
  17. Crew shuttle
  18. Vancouver region
Star Coach understands that every group has unique needs, so they offer customizable options to match. They'll also provide you with a comprehensive quote, ensuring transparency and no hidden costs.
They're there to answer your questions, assist with your luggage, and accommodate your travel needs to the best of their abilities. Learn more about Star Coach here. But what truly sets them apart in the bustling bus rental market? Moreover, Star Coach's drivers aren't just behind the wheel; they're the front line of the commitment to safety. We've also integrated the latest technology for your entertainment and connectivity.
Isn't it a happy coincidence that you're in need of corporate and event travel solutions in Vancouver just as Star Coach unveils its top-tier bus rental services? Choosing Star Coach means you're not just getting a ride; you're ensuring a travel experience tailored to your group's size and comfort preferences, with a commitment to safety and satisfaction at its core. It's the ultimate way to explore Vancouver in style, comfort, and safety. You still enjoy modern, comfortable buses equipped with all the necessary amenities to make your journey pleasant.

Long-distance bus

  1. Downtown Vancouver
  2. Transport services
  3. Charter shuttle service
  4. Bus leasing
  5. Sightseeing bus
  6. Passenger bus rental
  7. Bus line
  8. Sport team transportation
  9. Crew shuttle
  10. Vancouver region
  11. Team travel
  12. Travel coach
  13. Bus driver service
  14. Executive bus charter
  15. Transport charter
  16. Downtown bus rental



Bus for hire

  • Travel coach
  • Transport charter
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Group tour bus
  • Licensed bus operators
  • Community bus service
  • Private bus rental
  • Coach hire
  • Convention transport
  • Custom bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Transport services
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Bus leasing
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Bus line
  • Sport team transportation
  • Crew shuttle

In addition, Star Coach has implemented a robust COVID-19 response, including enhanced cleaning protocols and social distancing measures, to ensure your health and well-being during these unprecedented times. These testimonials are just a glimpse into the positive impact Star Coach has had on various events and corporate functions. As you step aboard a Star Coach bus, you're enveloped in a world where comfort seamlessly blends with luxury. Whether you're organizing a corporate event, planning a family reunion, or setting up a tour for a group of friends, they've got you covered. Payment is straightforward, with various secure options available for your convenience.

Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a travel experience where your safety isn't just a promise-it's a guarantee. You're not just choosing a premium travel option; you're supporting a company that's serious about protecting the environment. Bus services Whether it's selecting the perfect vehicle for your group size or crafting a custom itinerary, they're all about making your experience as comfortable and hassle-free as possible. Star Coach's elite bus rental service in Vancouver offers you just that.

That's why they offer personalized attention from the moment you reach out. Whether you prefer to pay upfront or require a payment plan, we've got you covered. With Star Coach Bus Rentals, you're not just booking a trip; you're crafting an experience tailored just for you and your group. From the initial inquiry to the final drop-off, their team ensures your needs are met with professionalism and courtesy.

With Star Coach, your travel becomes more than a journey-it becomes an experience designed just for you. City tour bus Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a stress-free, reliable, and premium travel experience. Whether it's a corporate retreat, a major conference, or a special celebration, discover why choosing Star Coach could be the game-changer for your next event. However, Star Coach promises to change that narrative with its fleet of luxury buses, each outfitted with amenities that you might not even find in your living room.

Charter Bus Booking Vancouver

Vancouver is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse cities in Canada: 49.3 percent of its residents are not native English speakers, 47.8 percent are native speakers of neither English nor French, and 54.5 percent of residents belong to visible minority groups. It has been consistently ranked one of the most liveable cities in Canada and in the world. In terms of housing affordability, Vancouver is also one of the most expensive cities in Canada and in the world. Vancouverism is the city's urban planning design philosophy.

Citations and other links

Private Bus Service Vancouver

Imagine stepping onto a bus where the ambiance matches your event's theme, with personalized playlists, mood lighting, and on-board catering that suits your taste. It's these exceptional onboard services that make a trip with Star Coach an integral part of your Vancouver adventure. You'll input your travel dates, pick-up and drop-off locations, and any special requests you may have in just a few clicks. Need multiple stops? Imagine the ease of settling into your seat, with ample legroom that lets you stretch out or catch up on work without feeling cramped.

They've set the bar high, transforming ordinary travel into an extraordinary journey. Moreover, Star Coach often runs promotions and discounts, especially for early bookings or off-peak periods, allowing you to enjoy even more value. They ensure your safety and comfort throughout the journey, adding a personal touch that makes the trip memorable. Want Wi-Fi connectivity, onboard entertainment, or refreshments?

Instead, you and your group can sit back, relax in plush seats, and soak in the scenic views of Vancouver's landscapes. And for those who prefer quiet time, noise-canceling headphones are provided to help you find your peace. For your comfort, we've installed adjustable lighting and climate controls at every seat, allowing you to create your own personal oasis. Its design maximizes every inch of space, so you can stretch out your legs, relax, and enjoy the journey without feeling boxed in.

Tour transportation

  • Charter shuttle service
  • Bus leasing
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Bus line
  • Sport team transportation
  • Crew shuttle
  • Vancouver region
  • Team travel
  • Travel coach
  • Bus for hire
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Minibus rental
  • Bus services
  • Bus rental for tours


They'll work with you to adjust plans without a fuss. Vancouver area We're constantly updating our fleet to ensure you're riding in the most environmentally friendly vehicles available. You're not just getting from point A to B; you're indulging in a journey where comfort meets luxury at every turn. Tour transportation From the plush, reclining leather seats that cradle you in comfort to the ambient lighting that sets the perfect mood, we've got everything covered.

Private Bus Service Vancouver
Corporate Bus Transportation Vancouver

Corporate Bus Transportation Vancouver

Once your booking is confirmed, you'll receive a detailed itinerary and receipt via email, keeping you informed and organized. Stick around to uncover how Star Coach is not just about traveling in style but doing so with a conscience. This approach to pricing, combined with their commitment to quality and customer service, makes Star Coach a standout choice for group travel. Let's be part of your next occasion, and we'll ensure it's as memorable as the event itself.

They've left no stone unturned in integrating comprehensive safety measures that exceed industry standards. Fancy a bit of luxury with leather seats and a minibar for a special celebration? Sarah, a recent customer, couldn't stop praising the plush seating and pristine condition of the bus. 'It was like traveling in first class, but on the road!' she exclaimed.

The designers have thought of everything to make your journey as comfortable as it's stylish. Your coordinator can also help with scheduling, ensuring you've got enough time for all your planned activities without feeling rushed. They praised Star Coach for its punctuality, professionalism, and the exceptional condition of the buses, noting how the seamless transportation contributed significantly to the event's success.

Stick around, and you'll discover how Star Coach is not only transporting passengers but also transporting the industry into a new era of luxury and responsibility. They're not just talking about the comfort and style of the buses, but also the positive feeling of minimizing their carbon footprint while exploring the city. We're here to listen and adapt.



Hourly bus rental

  • Festival shuttle
  • Bus travel
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Bus for hire
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Minibus rental
  • Bus services
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Tour bus rental
  • Casino shuttle
  • Bus transportation
  • Vancouver area
  • City tour bus
  • Tour transportation
  • Motor coach rental

Vancouver Executive Chauffeured Coach

It's also about consistently delivering high-quality service, maintaining their fleet to avoid breakdowns, and being prepared for any situation that might arise. Star Coach's fleet ensures you travel in luxury, with plush seating, onboard amenities, and panoramic windows that invite the breathtaking city and landscapes inside. Let's create your memorable journey together. Recognizing that every journey is unique, we customize your travel experience to match your specific preferences and desires.

Picture this: you're gliding through the streets of Vancouver, ensconced in comfort that rivals a first-class flight. Your group can explore Whistler, a world-renowned ski resort and summer haven, without worrying about navigation or parking. They've thought of everything to ensure your peace of mind. Bus travel

Booking your luxury bus rental in Vancouver has never been easier or more tailored to your preferences. Safety and comfort are their top priorities, so you can rest assured that every detail, from the driver's expertise to the vehicle's maintenance, is taken care of. You'll collaborate with a dedicated planner who listens to what you need and crafts a solution that's as unique as your event.

Here, you're at the pulse of the city's vibrant harbor, witnessing the seamless blend of natural beauty and urban sophistication. High-speed Wi-Fi and power outlets at every seat mean you can keep your devices charged and stay in touch with the world outside, without skipping a beat. Imagine stepping onto a vehicle where every detail caters to your comfort and pleasure. Long-distance bus

Vancouver Executive Chauffeured Coach
Corporate Bus Hire Vancouver
Corporate Bus Hire Vancouver

Need a tour guide to provide insights during your journey? Plus, the professional drivers aren't only skilled at navigating the city's streets but also committed to your safety and well-being. It's a thoughtful touch that shows your guests how much you value their comfort and experience, making your big day even more unforgettable. Overhead, individual reading lights offer the perfect ambiance for those who wish to indulge in a bit of reading without disturbing fellow passengers. You'll start by selecting your desired service, whether it's a luxury tour of Vancouver's breathtaking sights or a stylish, comfortable ride for a special event.

There's ample legroom, so you can say goodbye to the cramped discomfort often associated with travel. Their reputation isn't just built on the physical aspects of their buses, though. Wedding bus rental Understanding the importance of affordability, Star Coach regularly offers competitive pricing that ensures you get exceptional value for your transportation needs. What's more, safety isn't sacrificed for luxury.

You're not just traveling; you're making memories in sheer style and comfort, transforming what would be ordinary commutes into integral parts of your Vancouver adventure. But it doesn't end there. For those who appreciate the finer details, mood lighting and an on-board entertainment system offer an ambience that can be tailored to the preferences of your group, creating a truly bespoke travel experience.

Bus rental for tours

  • Crew shuttle
  • Vancouver region
  • Team travel
  • Travel coach
  • Tour bus rental
  • Casino shuttle
  • Bus transportation
  • Vancouver area
  • City tour bus
  • Tour transportation
  • Motor coach rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus driver service
  • Executive bus charter
  • Transport charter
  • Downtown bus rental
In a city like Vancouver, where options are plentiful, Star Coach stands out by not just meeting expectations but consistently exceeding them.

Our goal is to provide a seamless travel experience, where you can sit back, relax, and enjoy the journey, knowing that we're navigating the best path for you. With Star Coach Bus Rentals, elevating your group travel experience in Vancouver becomes effortless and enjoyable. Or perhaps you're looking for a cozy setup for a family reunion on wheels?

Bus travel

  • Group tour bus
  • Licensed bus operators
  • Community bus service
  • Private bus rental
  • Coach hire
  • Convention transport
  • Custom bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Downtown Vancouver
  • Transport services
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Bus leasing
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Bus line
  • Sport team transportation
  • Crew shuttle
  • Vancouver region
  • Team travel
Their seamless booking process and comprehensive safety measures set a high bar, ensuring your journey is not just about reaching your destination but about the experience itself.

Executive Tour Bus Vancouver

Each Star Coach vehicle is meticulously maintained and features the latest in technology and comfort.

Bus rental for tours

  • Team travel
  • Travel coach
  • Bus transportation
  • Vancouver area
  • City tour bus
  • Tour transportation
  • Motor coach rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus driver service
  • Executive bus charter
  • Transport charter
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Group tour bus
  • Licensed bus operators
  • Community bus service
  • Private bus rental
  • Coach hire
After ironing out the details, you'll receive a clear and concise quote. Imagine reclining in plush, spacious seats that allow you to relax or work with ease, complemented by personal charging stations to keep your devices powered throughout the trip.

Vancouver area

  • Bus services
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Tour bus rental
  • Casino shuttle
  • Bus transportation
  • Vancouver area
  • City tour bus
  • Tour transportation
  • Motor coach rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus driver service
  • Executive bus charter
  • Transport charter
  • Downtown bus rental
That's the hassle-free reality with these luxury coaches.
Luxury bus rentals come with a level of service you'd expect from a high-end hotel. With their user-friendly platform, you're just a few clicks away from having your transportation needs sorted, allowing you to focus on the event itself. If you're happy with the offer, you can confirm your booking with just a few more clicks.
They also run special promotions and discounts at different times of the year, giving you the opportunity to save even more. They'll arrange it. Imagine gliding through the bustling streets of downtown Vancouver, where every corner offers a new discovery, in the comfort and style of a Star Coach bus. Read more about Vancouver Cruise Terminal Transportation here
She was thrilled with the attentive service, stating that the driver went above and beyond to ensure the bridal party felt comfortable and arrived on time. Explore Vancouver Cruise Terminal Transportation here Instead, you'll have the opportunity to select from a wide range of luxury amenities.

Executive bus charter

  1. Convention transport
  2. Custom bus rental
  3. Bus excursion
  4. Downtown Vancouver
  5. Transport services
  6. Charter shuttle service
  7. Bus leasing
  8. Sightseeing bus
  9. Passenger bus rental
  10. Bus line
  11. Sport team transportation
  12. Crew shuttle
  13. Vancouver region
  14. Team travel
  15. Travel coach
  16. Vancouver area
  17. City tour bus
  18. Tour transportation
  19. Motor coach rental
  20. Long-distance bus
The buses are meticulously maintained, with regular cleaning and sanitization.

Executive Tour Bus Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

[edit]
Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

[edit]

A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

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The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

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Anglo-Saxon charters

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Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

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The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

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A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

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A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

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A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

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Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

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Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

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In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

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A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

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A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

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In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

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[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

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