Exclusive Bus Service Vancouver

Exclusive Bus Service Vancouver

Casino shuttle

Choosing Star Coach not only elevates your travel experience in Vancouver but also aligns with the global movement towards sustainability.

Comfortable bus rental

  • Group transportation
  • Private group transport
  • Event transportation
  • Tour bus rental
  • Transport services
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Vancouver city
  • Bus transportation
  • Long-distance bus
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Affordable bus rental
  • Safe bus rental
  • School bus rental
  • Convention transport
  • Luxury transportation
  • Transport charter
Learn more about Exclusive Bus Service Vancouver here You can choose from several secure payment options, all designed to give you peace of mind. Convention transport They've got the experts. Each seat is equipped with personal charging stations, ensuring your devices stay powered up as you travel.
Their fleet of luxury buses ensures that your travel is as comfortable as it's memorable, with premium features that set the stage for an unparalleled experience. Prefer a scenic route? Learn more about Star Coach here. Entertainment options are plentiful, with individual screens offering a range of movies, shows, and music channels.
It's truly luxury on wheels. So, you can sit back, relax, and enjoy the luxury of a service that's as unique as you are. You're not just traveling in style; you're also contributing to a healthier planet. Read more about Exclusive Bus Service Vancouver here
Star Coach's approach to safety is proactive, not reactive. Moreover, we take pride in our ability to offer unique experiences that go beyond just transportation. Choosing Star Coach means you're part of a larger movement towards sustainable travel, without compromising on comfort or luxury.

Their commitment to quality and customer satisfaction sets them apart, ensuring your journey isn't just a trip, but a highlight of your event. High-speed Wi-Fi connectivity onboard ensures you're always connected, whether it's for streaming entertainment, catching up on work, or sharing your adventure on social media. Affordable bus rental And don't worry about getting hungry or thirsty along the way; the onboard snack and beverage service has got you covered, offering a selection of refreshments to keep you satisfied. Imagine pulling up to your destination in a bus that embodies luxury and sophistication.

Prioritizing your safety, we adhere to rigorous safety and maintenance standards for all our luxury buses. Their easy booking process, competitive pricing, and experienced staff set them apart, promising not just a ride, but an experience tailored to your specific requirements. They understand that it's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about how you get there.

You'll find their team attentive to every detail. This level of ease and flexibility makes Star Coach the go-to option for hassle-free bus rentals in Vancouver. You'll find their responsiveness is unmatched.

Affordable bus rental

  1. Motor coach rental
  2. British Columbia
  3. Group tour bus
  4. City tour bus
  5. Field trip bus
  6. Bus fleet
  7. Executive bus charter
  8. Coach hire
  9. Crew shuttle
  10. Party bus
  11. Vancouver BC
  12. Bus line
  13. Minibus rental
  14. Tour transportation
  15. Vancouver region
  16. Greater Vancouver
  17. Group transportation
  18. Private group transport


Shifting focus to the corporate world, luxury bus rental in Vancouver emerges as an unparalleled travel solution for business events.

Sightseeing bus

  1. Downtown bus rental
  2. Bus excursion
  3. Charter shuttle service
  4. Vancouver city
  5. Bus transportation
  6. Long-distance bus
  7. Bus packages
  8. Bus rental for tours
  9. Mini coach rental
  10. Travel coach
  11. Private bus rental
  12. Charter vehicle
  13. Bus for hire
  14. Hourly bus rental
  15. Motor coach rental
  16. British Columbia
  17. Group tour bus
  18. City tour bus
Imagine whisking your wedding guests from the ceremony to the reception in unparalleled comfort, making the journey part of the celebration itself. Star Coach's Prevost H3-45 doesn't just keep you safe; its sleek design aesthetics ensure you travel in style, turning heads wherever you go.



Casino shuttle

  1. Field trip bus
  2. Bus fleet
  3. Executive bus charter
  4. Coach hire
  5. Crew shuttle
  6. Party bus
  7. Vancouver BC
  8. Bus line
  9. Minibus rental
  10. Tour transportation
  11. Vancouver region
  12. Greater Vancouver
  13. Group transportation
  14. Private group transport
  15. Event transportation
  16. Tour bus rental

Charter Bus Company Near Me Vancouver

Indigenous settlement of Vancouver began more than 10,000 years ago and included the Squamish, Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh (Burrard) peoples. The beginnings of the modern city, which was originally named Gastown, grew around the site of a makeshift tavern on the western edges of Hastings Mill that was built on July 1, 1867, and owned by proprietor Gassy Jack. The Gastown steam clock marks the original site. Gastown then formally registered as a townsite dubbed Granville, Burrard Inlet. The city was renamed "Vancouver" in 1886 through a deal with the Canadian Pacific Railway. The Canadian Pacific transcontinental railway was extended to the city by 1887. The city's large natural seaport on the Pacific Ocean became a vital link in the trade between Asia-Pacific, East Asia, Europe, and Eastern Canada.

Citations and other links

Executive Chauffeured Coach Bus Vancouver

This means you can relax, work, or entertain yourself and your guests as you travel, turning what could be a mundane trip into an enjoyable, productive, or restful experience. Star Coach Bus Rentals elevates your travel plans with customizable tour packages designed to fit your unique needs and preferences. Wedding bus rental Picture a day spent hopping from one award-winning winery to another, savoring fine wines and local cuisine, without the hassle of driving. What's more, their stellar reputation is reflected in the glowing reviews and repeat business they receive. You'll find each vehicle in their fleet is equipped with the latest safety technologies, including advanced GPS tracking, to keep you on the safest route and allow for real-time location updates.

Last-minute changes? It's where luxury meets the road, transforming every trip across Vancouver into an unforgettable journey.

School bus rental

  1. Tour transportation
  2. Vancouver region
  3. Greater Vancouver
  4. Group transportation
  5. Private group transport
  6. Event transportation
  7. Tour bus rental
  8. Transport services
  9. Luxury bus rental
  10. Downtown bus rental
  11. Bus excursion
  12. Charter shuttle service
  13. Vancouver city
  14. Bus transportation
  15. Long-distance bus
You're not just getting a ride; you're securing a premium travel experience.

Affordable bus rental

  1. Vancouver BC
  2. Bus line
  3. Minibus rental
  4. Tour transportation
  5. Vancouver region
  6. Greater Vancouver
  7. Group transportation
  8. Private group transport
  9. Event transportation
  10. Tour bus rental
  11. Transport services
  12. Luxury bus rental
  13. Downtown bus rental
  14. Bus excursion
  15. Charter shuttle service
  16. Vancouver city
  17. Bus transportation
  18. Long-distance bus
This isn't just about getting from point A to B; it's about making every moment of your wedding day memorable.

And it doesn't stop after you've booked your bus. The plush seating invites you to sink in and relax, each chair designed to cradle you in unparalleled comfort during your journey. Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for reliability and high standards. You'll find plush seating, high-speed Wi-Fi, and advanced entertainment systems on board. Corporate bus rental

This attention to detail ensures that you can relax and enjoy the luxury experience, knowing you're being taken care of with the highest standards of safety in mind. You can rest easy knowing that the team behind your trip is equipped with not only the skills to navigate the roads but also the expertise to ensure your experience is top-notch. Moreover, Star Coach understands the importance of flexibility in pricing. Through consistent delivery of high-quality service and a fleet that boasts the latest in comfort and technology, they've carved out a niche that's hard to compete with.

Executive Chauffeured Coach Bus Vancouver
Vancouver Deluxe Bus Service

Vancouver Deluxe Bus Service

First off, head to their website. Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals redefine comfort, ensuring you experience unparalleled relaxation during your journey. Star Coach maintains the highest standards of hygiene, with thorough cleaning and sanitization protocols in place before and after every trip. Each seat comes equipped with personal entertainment systems, ensuring you're entertained throughout your journey.

Whether you're planning a small team retreat, a large conference, or anything in between, they've got you covered.

Casino shuttle

  • Bus fleet
  • Executive bus charter
  • Coach hire
  • Crew shuttle
  • Party bus
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus line
  • Minibus rental
  • Tour transportation
  • Vancouver region
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Group transportation
  • Private group transport
  • Event transportation
  • Tour bus rental
  • Transport services
  • Luxury bus rental
You'll find an intuitive booking platform where you can specify your travel dates, destination, and the number of passengers.

Wedding bus rental

  • Event transportation
  • Tour bus rental
  • Transport services
  • Luxury bus rental
  • Downtown bus rental
  • Bus excursion
  • Charter shuttle service
  • Vancouver city
  • Bus transportation
  • Long-distance bus
  • Private bus rental
  • Charter vehicle
  • Bus for hire
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Motor coach rental
  • British Columbia
  • Group tour bus
From fuel-efficient buses to rigorous recycling programs, every aspect of our service is designed with the environment in mind.

Your desires shape the route. No problem. Plus, power outlets at every seat mean your devices will always be charged, ready for whatever the day holds.

Embarking on a tour with Star Coach Bus Rentals offers you the chance to discover Vancouver's renowned landmarks up close and personal. So, when you book with Star Coach, you're not just getting a bus; you're securing peace of mind knowing you've made a cost-effective choice without compromising on quality. That's why they've introduced a variety of packages that cater to different budgets and requirements.

School bus rental

  1. Event transportation
  2. Tour bus rental
  3. Transport services
  4. Luxury bus rental
  5. Downtown bus rental
  6. Bus excursion
  7. Charter shuttle service
  8. Vancouver city
  9. Bus transportation
  10. Long-distance bus
  11. Comfortable bus rental
  12. Vancouver
  13. Wedding bus rental
  14. Festival shuttle
  15. Bus charter
  16. Bus packages


Premium Comfort Coach Rental Vancouver

And for those who thirst for adventure, the outskirts offer unparalleled natural beauty, just a comfortable drive away. Star Coach in Vancouver is putting this theory to the test, offering five-star bus rental experiences that aim to transform group travel into an unforgettable journey of comfort, luxury, and personalized exploration. To ensure your journey isn't just comfortable but also entertaining, our luxury buses are equipped with cutting-edge entertainment options. It's not just a bus ride; it's an experience that caters to your every need. You're riding in a coach equipped with cutting-edge safety technologies designed to protect you on every mile of your trip.

They're not just steering the wheel; they're curating your seamless experience, attentive to every need. It's a smart choice, reducing the number of vehicles on the road, cutting down on traffic congestion, and significantly lowering the per-person carbon emissions. Having explored how to book your luxury bus rental, let's hear what previous clients have to say about their experiences with Star Coach. They've done their homework, comparing their prices with other providers in Vancouver, to make sure you're getting a top-notch service without breaking the bank.

But what truly makes their approach revolutionary? With Star Coach Bus Rentals, you're not just getting a bus; you're getting a partner who values your comfort and safety as much as you do.

School bus rental

  1. Private bus rental
  2. Charter vehicle
  3. Bus for hire
  4. Hourly bus rental
  5. Motor coach rental
  6. British Columbia
  7. Group tour bus
  8. City tour bus
  9. Field trip bus
  10. Bus fleet
  11. Executive bus charter
  12. Coach hire
  13. Crew shuttle
  14. Party bus
  15. Vancouver BC
  16. Bus line
  17. Minibus rental
From sleek minibusses for smaller groups to full-sized coaches for larger gatherings, their fleet is versatile enough to accommodate any occasion. Here, you'll input your travel dates, pick-up and drop-off locations, and select your preferred bus model from our fleet of high-end vehicles.

With Star Coach, you'll access a diverse fleet that caters to any group size and a personalized approach ensuring your journey is exactly how you envision it. Whether you're traveling for business or pleasure, the spacious interiors of the Prevost H3-45 ensure that your journey is as comfortable as the destination itself. As you settle into your spacious seat, you'll find yourself surrounded by features designed to cater to your every need. Plus, each seat comes with its own climate control, ensuring you stay comfortable, regardless of the weather outside.

Premium Comfort Coach Rental Vancouver
Vancouver Luxury Travel Bus
Vancouver Luxury Travel Bus

After submitting your request, you'll receive a detailed quote, breaking down all costs with no hidden fees. Fancy a mobile conference room equipped with high-speed Wi-Fi and leather seating for your business meetings on the go? For instance, if you're looking for something that screams luxury, their high-end coaches offer onboard amenities such as Wi-Fi, reclining seats, and even entertainment systems. Mini coach rental Whether it's a corporate event, a school outing, or a luxurious wedding, they've got you covered with unparalleled professionalism and attention to detail. You'll find more legroom than you'd expect, allowing you to stretch out and enjoy the ride without feeling cramped.

As we unpack the strategic route planning, competitive pricing models, and their commitment to sustainable travel, you'll discover how Star Coach is reshaping luxury travel in Vancouver. Once your booking is confirmed, you'll receive a detailed confirmation email, outlining everything you need to know about your upcoming journey. From premium onboard features to tailor-made tour packages showcasing the city's iconic landmarks, they're promising more than just a ride-they're offering an integral part of the Vancouver tourism experience. You'll find that each bus in their fleet boasts a sleek, modern design both inside and out.

Instead, you can pick and choose the amenities and services that best fit your group's preferences and budget.

Affordable bus rental

  1. Transport services
  2. Luxury bus rental
  3. Downtown bus rental
  4. Bus excursion
  5. Charter shuttle service
  6. Vancouver city
  7. Bus transportation
  8. Long-distance bus
  9. Mini coach rental
  10. Travel coach
  11. Private bus rental
  12. Charter vehicle
  13. Bus for hire
  14. Hourly bus rental
  15. Motor coach rental
  16. British Columbia
Comfortable bus rental Sightseeing bus You're not just choosing a luxury travel option when you book with us; you're also opting for a greener way to explore. You don't have to worry about navigating through a maze of options or dealing with last-minute availability issues. They've even thought about the payment process, making it secure and varied in options, catering to what works best for you.

And let's not forget the convenience of onboard restrooms. But beyond the obvious perks, there's an underlying story of sustainability and customer satisfaction that might just pique your interest. High-speed Wi-Fi keeps you connected, whether you're catching up on work or streaming your favorite show. Their dedicated customer service representatives are always on standby to help you plan your travel with ease and efficiency.

Prestige Bus Charter Vancouver

So, when you choose Star Coach for your travels, you're not just getting a ride-you're ensuring a journey where your well-being is the top priority. Their vehicles are state-of-the-art, and their drivers are professionals who prioritize your safety above all. Whether you're heading to Granville Island for some artisan shopping or to Stanley Park for a leisurely stroll among ancient cedars, we've got you covered. Need a specific layout for the seats? Star Coach Bus Rentals empower you to tailor your Vancouver journey, ensuring each destination on your itinerary aligns perfectly with your group's preferences and interests.
Whether you're celebrating a milestone birthday, organizing a wedding, or planning any significant celebration, Star Coach's bus rental services in Vancouver offer the perfect transportation solution for your special event.

School bus rental

  • Casino shuttle
  • Sightseeing bus
  • Bus hire
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Bus leasing
  • Affordable bus rental
  • Safe bus rental
  • School bus rental
  • Convention transport
  • Luxury transportation
  • Transport charter
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Vancouver
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Festival shuttle
  • Bus charter
  • Bus packages
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Mini coach rental
  • Travel coach
You're also covered when it comes to staying connected on the go. Festival shuttle Plus, we offer special discounts for early bookings and repeat customers to make your experience even more rewarding. It's like having an extra set of eyes that constantly monitors road conditions, keeping you safe when the weather turns bad.
Star Coach prides itself on transparent pricing, so you won't be caught off guard by hidden fees. Here, you'll have the option to fill out a detailed form with your travel requirements, or you can simply jot down their contact number to give them a call whenever it suits you. First, you'll need to visit their website or give them a call. After reading the glowing testimonials, you might wonder how to begin your own journey with Star Coach Bus Rentals in Vancouver.
Moreover, our drivers aren't just skilled at navigating the busy streets of Vancouver; they're ambassadors of hospitality, trained to offer a service that goes beyond just driving. In short, Star Coach has streamlined the rental process to ensure you spend less time on logistics and more time enjoying the luxurious comfort of their buses. With a keen understanding that no two businesses are the same, Star Coach works closely with you to customize every aspect of your travel plan. In an era where environmental consciousness is paramount, Vancouver's Star Coach Bus Rentals prioritizes eco-friendly transportation options for all its passengers.

Explore Exclusive Bus Service Vancouver here
Prestige Bus Charter Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

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[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

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The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

Frequently Asked Questions

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